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Fasahar lankwasawa mara buguwa na karfen takarda [misali].

Abstract: a cikin tsari na lankwasa takarda, tsarin lankwasawa na gargajiya yana da sauƙi don lalata farfajiyar aikin, kuma fuskar da ke hulɗa da mutu zai haifar da indentation ko karce, wanda zai shafi kyawun samfurin.Wannan takarda za ta yi cikakken bayani game da abubuwan da ke haifar da lanƙwasawa da aikace-aikacen fasaha na lanƙwasawa.

The sheet karfe aiki fasaha ci gaba da inganta, musamman a wasu aikace-aikace kamar daidai bakin karfe lankwasawa, bakin karfe datsa lankwasawa, aluminum gami lankwasawa, jirgin sassa lankwasawa da jan karfe farantin lankwasawa, wanda ya kara sanya gaba mafi girma bukatun ga surface ingancin kafa workpieces.

Tsarin lankwasawa na gargajiya yana da sauƙi don lalata saman kayan aikin, kuma za a sami fa'ida ta zahiri ko karce akan farfajiyar tare da mutu, wanda zai shafi kyawun samfurin ƙarshe kuma ya rage ƙimar ƙimar mai amfani da samfurin. .

A lokacin lanƙwasawa, saboda za a fitar da takardar ƙarfe ta hanyar lanƙwasawa ta mutu kuma ta haifar da nakasawa, wurin tuntuɓar da ke tsakanin takardar da mutun zai zamewa tare da ci gaban tsarin lanƙwasawa.A cikin tsarin lanƙwasawa, ƙarfen takarda zai fuskanci matakai biyu na zahiri na nakasar roba da nakasar filastik.A cikin tsarin lanƙwasawa, za a sami tsarin kiyaye matsi (launi mai lamba uku tsakanin mutu da takardar takarda).Don haka, bayan an gama aikin lanƙwasawa, za a samar da layukan shiga uku.

Waɗannan layukan shigar gabaɗaya ana samar da su ta hanyar juzu'in extrusion tsakanin farantin da kafaɗar V-groove na mutu, don haka ana kiran su shigar da kafaɗa.Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto na 1 da Hoto na 2, manyan dalilan samuwar kafa kafada za a iya karkasa su cikin rukunai masu zuwa.

Hoto na 2 lankwasawa

Hoto 1 Tsarin tsari na lankwasawa

1. Hanyar lankwasa

Tun da ƙarni na kafada indentation yana da alaka da lamba tsakanin takardar karfe da V-tsagi kafada na mace mutu, a cikin lankwasawa tsari, da rata tsakanin naushi da mace mutu zai shafi matsawa danniya na takardar karfe. kuma yuwuwar da matakin shiga zai bambanta, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 3.

A ƙarƙashin yanayin V-tsagi guda ɗaya, mafi girman kusurwar lanƙwasawa na kayan aikin lanƙwasa, girman girman sifar madaidaicin takardan ƙarfe yana shimfiɗa, kuma mafi tsayin nisan gogayya na takardar ƙarfe a kafaɗar V-tsagi. ;Haka kuma, girman kusurwar lanƙwasawa shine, tsawon lokacin riƙewar da bugun da aka yi akan takardar zai kasance, kuma mafi ƙaranci shigar da ke haifar da haɗuwa da waɗannan abubuwa biyu.

2. Tsarin V-tsagi na mace mutu

Lokacin lankwasa zanen karfe da kauri daban-daban, fadin V-groove shima daban ne.A ƙarƙashin yanayin naushi guda ɗaya, girman girman V-groove na mutu, mafi girma girman girman nisa.Saboda haka, ƙarami da gogayya tsakanin takardar karfe da kafada na V-tsagi na mutu, da indentation zurfin ta halitta rage.Akasin haka, mafi ƙarancin kauri na farantin, mafi kunkuntar V-groove, kuma mafi ƙaranci shigar.

Idan ya zo ga juzu'i, wani abin da ke da alaƙa da gogayya da muke la'akari da shi shine juzu'in juzu'i.The R kwana na kafada na V-tsagi na mace mutu ne daban-daban, da kuma gogayya haifar da sheet karfe a kan aiwatar da sheet karfe lankwasa shi ma daban-daban.A gefe guda, daga hangen nesa na matsin lamba da V-tsagi na mutu a kan takardar, mafi girma R-kwangwal na V-tsagi na mutu, ƙarami matsa lamba tsakanin takardar da kafada. V-tsagi na mutu, kuma mafi sauƙi da shigarwa, kuma akasin haka.

3. Lubrication digiri na V-tsagi na mace mutu

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, saman V-groove na mutu zai tuntuɓar takardar don samar da gogayya.Lokacin da aka sawa mutu, sashin tuntuɓar tsakanin V-groove da karfen takarda zai zama mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kuma ƙimar juzu'i zai zama girma da girma.Lokacin da zanen takarda ya zame akan saman V-groove, lambar sadarwa tsakanin V-tsagi da karfen takarda shine ainihin ma'anar lamba tsakanin m bumps da saman.Ta wannan hanyar, matsa lamba da ke aiki akan saman takarda zai karu daidai da haka, kuma shigar da shi zai zama mafi bayyane.

A daya hannun, da V-tsagi na mace mutu ba a goge da kuma tsabtace kafin workpiece ne lankwasa, wanda sau da yawa samar da bayyane indentation saboda extrusion na farantin da saura tarkace a kan V-tsagi.Wannan yanayin yawanci yana faruwa lokacin da kayan aiki sun lanƙwasa kayan aikin kamar farantin galvanized da farantin ƙarfe na carbon.

2. Aikace-aikacen fasaha na lanƙwasawa mara tushe

Tun da mun san cewa babban dalilin lankwasawa indentation ne gogayya tsakanin sheet karfe da kafada na V-tsagi na mutu, za mu iya fara daga dalilin daidaitacce tunani da kuma rage gogayya tsakanin sheet karfe da kafada na V-tsagi na mutuwa ta hanyar fasahar tsari.

Bisa ga tsarin jujjuyawar F= μ· N za a iya ganin cewa abin da ke shafar ƙarfin juzu'i shine ma'aunin juzu'i μ Kuma matsin n, kuma sun yi daidai da juzu'i.Dangane da haka, ana iya tsara tsare-tsaren tsari masu zuwa.

1. Kafadar V-groove na mace mutu an yi shi da kayan da ba na ƙarfe ba

Hoto na 3 nau'in lankwasawa

Kawai ta hanyar haɓaka kusurwar R na kafaɗar V-groove na mutu, hanyar gargajiya don inganta tasirin lanƙwasawa ba ta da kyau.Daga hangen nesa na rage matsa lamba a cikin gogayya biyu, ana iya la'akari da canza V-tsagi kafada a cikin wani mara-metal abu softer fiye da farantin, kamar nailan, Youli manne (PU elastomer) da sauran kayan, a kan jigo na tabbatar da ainihin tasirin extrusion.Idan akai la'akari da cewa waɗannan kayan suna da sauƙi a rasa kuma suna buƙatar maye gurbin su akai-akai, akwai nau'o'in V-groove da yawa ta amfani da waɗannan kayan a halin yanzu, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto.

2. An canza kafadar V-tsagi na mace mutuwa zuwa ball da tsarin abin nadi

Hakazalika, dangane da ka'idar rage juzu'i tsakanin takardar da V-tsagi na mutu, za a iya canza gogayya ta zamiya tsakanin takardar da kafada na V-tsagi na mutu zuwa mirgina gogayya, don haka kamar yadda yana rage jujjuyawar takardar kuma yadda ya kamata ku guje wa lankwasawa.A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da wannan tsari sosai a cikin masana'antar mutuwa, kuma ƙarancin lankwasa ƙwallon da ba a gano shi ba (Fig. 5) misali ne na aikace-aikace na yau da kullun.

Hoto 5 ƙwallo mara alamar lankwasawa mutu

Domin kauce wa m gogayya tsakanin abin nadi na ball traceless lankwasawa mutu da V-tsagi, da kuma don sauƙaƙa abin nadi don jujjuya da man shafawa, ƙwallon yana ƙara, don rage matsa lamba da kuma rage gogayya coefficient a. lokaci guda.Saboda haka, sassan da aka sarrafa ta hanyar lankwasar ƙwallon ƙwallon ba za ta iya cimma wani buɗaɗɗen gani ba, amma tasirin lankwasa maras kyau na faranti mai laushi kamar aluminum da jan ƙarfe ba shi da kyau.

Ta fuskar tattalin arziki, saboda tsarin ƙwalwar lankwasawa ba ta da lahani ya fi rikitarwa fiye da tsarin mutun da aka ambata a sama, farashin sarrafawa yana da yawa kuma kulawa yana da wahala, wanda kuma wani abu ne da masu kula da masana'antu suyi la'akari da su lokacin zabar. .

6 tsarin zane na jujjuyawar V-groove

A halin yanzu, akwai wani nau'i mai nau'i a cikin masana'antar, wanda ke amfani da ka'idar juyawa ta fulcrum don gane lanƙwasa sassan ta hanyar juya kafada na mata.Irin wannan mutuwa tana canza tsarin al'adar V-groove na saitin mutu, kuma yana saita jirage masu karkata zuwa bangarorin biyu na V-groove azaman hanyar juyawa.A cikin aiwatar da latsa kayan da ke ƙarƙashin naushi, tsarin jujjuyawar a bangarorin biyu na naushin yana jujjuya zuwa ciki daga saman naushin tare da taimakon matsa lamba, don tanƙwara farantin, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Fig. 6.

A karkashin wannan yanayin aiki, babu wani fili na zamewar gida tsakanin karfen takarda da mutu, amma kusa da jirgin da ke jujjuya da kuma kusa da gefen naushin don guje wa shigar sassan.Tsarin wannan mutun ya fi rikitattun tsarin da suka gabata, tare da tashin hankali bazara da tsarin faranti, kuma farashin kulawa da farashin sarrafawa ya fi girma.

Hanyoyi da yawa na tsari don gane lankwasawa maras tushe an gabatar dasu a baya.Mai zuwa shine kwatancen waɗannan hanyoyin aiwatarwa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 1.

Kwatanta abu Nailan V-tsagi Youli roba V-tsagi Ball nau'in V-tsagi Jujjuyawar V-tsagi Fim ɗin Matsi mara Traceless
Kwangilar lankwasawa Kuskure daban-daban baka Kuskure daban-daban Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da su a kusurwoyi daidai Kuskure daban-daban
Farantin da ake buƙata Faranti iri-iri Faranti iri-iri 　 Faranti iri-iri Faranti iri-iri
Iyakar tsayi ≥50mm ≥200mm ≥100mm / /
rayuwar sabis 15-20 Sau dubu goma 15-21 Sau dubu goma / / sau 200
Gyaran maye gurbin Sauya ainihin nailan Maye gurbin Youli roba core Sauya kwallon Sauya gaba ɗaya ko maye gurbin bazarar tashin hankali da sauran na'urorin haɗi Sauya gaba ɗaya
farashi Mai arha Mai arha tsada tsada Mai arha
amfani Ƙananan farashi kuma ya dace da lankwasawa mara tushe na faranti daban-daban.Hanyar amfani tana daidai da ƙananan mutuwa na daidaitaccen injin lankwasawa. Ƙananan farashi kuma ya dace da lankwasawa mara tushe na faranti daban-daban. Tsawon rayuwar sabis Ya dace da faranti iri-iri tare da sakamako mai kyau. Ƙananan farashi kuma ya dace da lankwasawa mara tushe na faranti daban-daban.Hanyar amfani tana daidai da ƙananan mutuwa na daidaitaccen injin lankwasawa.
iyakoki Rayuwar sabis ya fi guntu fiye da daidaitaccen mutu, kuma girman ɓangaren yana iyakance zuwa fiye da 50mm. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da shi ne kawai ga lanƙwasawa mara alamar samfuran baka na madauwari. Kudin yana da tsada kuma tasiri akan kayan laushi irin su aluminum da jan karfe ba shi da kyau.Saboda gogaggun ƙwallon ƙwallon da nakasar suna da wahalar sarrafawa, ana iya samar da alamun a wasu faranti masu wuya.Akwai hani da yawa akan tsayi da daraja. Kudin yana da tsada, iyakokin aikace-aikacen ƙananan ƙananan ne, kuma tsayi da ƙima suna da ƙuntatawa Rayuwar sabis ɗin ta fi guntu fiye da sauran tsare-tsare, sauyawa akai-akai yana shafar ingantaccen samarwa, kuma farashin yana ƙaruwa sosai lokacin amfani da shi da yawa.

 

Tebura 1 Kwatanta hanyoyin lankwasawa maras tushe

4. V-tsagi na mutu an ware shi daga karfen takarda (wannan hanyar ana bada shawarar)

Hanyoyin da aka ambata a sama sune gane lankwasawa maras tushe ta hanyar canza mutuƙar lanƙwasawa.Ga manajojin kamfani, ba abu ne mai kyau ba don haɓakawa da siyan saitin sabbin mutuwa don gane lankwasawa maras tushe na sassa ɗaya.Daga mahangar tuntuɓar ɓangarorin, ɓangarorin ba su wanzu muddin mutun da takardar sun rabu.

Sabili da haka, akan yanayin rashin canza mutuƙar lanƙwasawa, za'a iya samun lanƙwasawa mara lahani ta amfani da fim mai laushi don kada a sami lamba tsakanin V-groove na mutu da takarda.Irin wannan fim mai laushi kuma ana kiransa fim ɗin free indentation.Abubuwan da ke gabaɗaya roba, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene), PU (polyurethane), da sauransu.

Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na roba da PVC sune ƙananan farashin kayan aiki, yayin da rashin amfani ba su da juriya na matsa lamba, rashin tsaro mara kyau da gajeren rayuwar sabis;PE da Pu kayan aikin injiniya ne tare da kyakkyawan aiki.Fim ɗin lanƙwasa mara lahani da fim ɗin da aka samar tare da su azaman kayan tushe yana da juriya mai kyau, don haka yana da babban rayuwar sabis da kariya mai kyau.

Fim ɗin kariya mai lanƙwasawa galibi yana taka rawa tsakanin kayan aiki da kafadar mutu don kashe matsin lamba tsakanin mutun da ƙarfen takarda, don hana shigar da kayan aikin yayin lanƙwasawa.Lokacin da ake amfani da shi, kawai sanya fim ɗin lanƙwasa akan mutu, wanda ke da fa'idodin ƙarancin farashi da amfani mai dacewa.

A halin yanzu, kauri na lankwasawa mara alamar indentation fim a kasuwa gabaɗaya 0.5mm, kuma girman za a iya musamman bisa ga bukatun.Kullum, da lankwasawa traceless indentation film iya isa sabis rayuwa na game da 200 bends a karkashin yanayin aiki na 2T matsa lamba, kuma yana da halaye na karfi lalacewa juriya, karfi da hawaye juriya, m lankwasawa yi, high tensile ƙarfi da elongation a hutu, juriya. zuwa lubricating mai da aliphatic hydrocarbon kaushi.

Ƙarshe:

Gasar kasuwa na masana'antar sarrafa karafa tana da zafi sosai.Idan kamfanoni suna son mamaye wani wuri a kasuwa, suna buƙatar haɓaka fasahar sarrafawa koyaushe.Ya kamata mu ba kawai gane da ayyuka na samfurin, amma kuma la'akari da manufacturability da aesthetics na samfurin, amma kuma la'akari da sarrafa tattalin arzikin.Ta hanyar aikace-aikacen fasaha mafi inganci da tattalin arziki, samfurin ya fi sauƙi don sarrafawa, mafi yawan tattalin arziki kuma mafi kyau.(wanda aka zaɓa daga karfen takarda da masana'antu, fitowa ta 7, 2018, ta Chen Chongnan)

Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-26-2022
Haɗa Fayiloli